Equipment Utilization in Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Interventions: Update From the PROGRESS-CTO Registry.

BACKGROUND: Guidewires and microcatheters are critical to the success of chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). METHODS: We examined equipment utilization in 11,202 CTO-PCIs performed in 10,952 patients at 42 United States (US) and non-US centers between 2012 and 2022. RESULTS: Antegrade-only crossing was attempted in 7628 CTO-PCIs (68%) and the retrograde approach was used in 3574 CTO-PCIs (32%). The median number of guidewires used during antegrade wiring increased with lesion complexity from 3 (interquartile range [IQR], 2-4) for J-CTO score of 0 to 5 (IQR, 4-7) for J-CTO score of 5 (P<.001). Antegrade-only procedures had higher technical (90% vs 79%; P<.001) and procedural success (89% vs 77%; P<.001) compared with retrograde procedures. In antegrade-only cases, Pilot 200 (28%; Abbott Vascular) and Fielder XT (24%; Asahi Intecc) were the most frequently used guidewires, while Corsair (21%; Asahi Intecc) and Turnpike Spiral (20%; Vascular Solutions) were the most commonly used microcatheters. In retrograde cases, Sion (32%; Asahi Intecc) was the most common guidewire used, followed by Sion Black (22%; Asahi Intecc), Pilot 200 (22%), and Suoh 03 (19%; Asahi Intecc), while Corsair (16%) and Turnpike LP (11%) were the most commonly used microcatheters. The most successful guidewire for collateral crossing was the Sion (32%), followed by Sion Black (15%) and Suoh 03 (11%). CONCLUSION: Polymer-jacketed guidewires are the most commonly used guidewires for antegrade wiring, while non-polymer-jacketed, torquable guidewires are the most frequently used guidewires for retrograde techniques. Turnpike and Corsair are the most commonly used microcatheters in CTO-PCI.

Desafios da Segurança da Saúde Global em tempos de pandemia: O acesso a Equipamentos de Proteção Individual na crise da covid-19 / Global Health Security Challenges in times of pandemic: Access to Personal Protective Equipment in the Covid-19 Crisis

Resumo Este artigo aborda a fragilidade do sistema de Segurança da Saúde Global, enfocando a distribuição de Equipamentos de Proteção Individual (EPI) durante crises sanitárias e tendo como foco e ponto de partida a pandemia de covid-19. A escassez de EPI foi agravada por fatores como alta taxa de transmissão do vírus, falta de treinamento adequado sobre seu uso e descarte, flexibilização das diretrizes de uso prolongado, reutilização do equipamento e restrições à exportação de produtos de saúde. O colapso da cadeia de suprimentos globais de EPI expôs os profissionais de saúde na linha de frente, especialmente em países de baixa e média renda, devido à infraestrutura de saúde inadequada e à disparidade socioeconômica. A falta de ação efetiva para manter e distribuir equitativamente os estoques de EPI existentes exacerbou sua escassez, comprometendo o enfrentamento eficaz à pandemia. Para fortalecer a resiliência dos sistemas de saúde, é necessário desenvolver estratégias para garantir a segurança e equidade na cadeia de suprimentos global de produtos de saúde, por meio de redes interconectadas e redundantes de fornecedores. A colaboração internacional e investimentos em mecanismos multilaterais desempenham um papel crucial na construção de uma Segurança da Saúde Global mais resiliente.

Abstract This article addresses the precariousness of the Global Health Security system, focusing on the distribution of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) during health crises and taking the COVID-19 pandemic as a departure point and a center. The shortage of PPE was exacerbated by factors such as the high transmission rate of the virus, inadequate training on its use and disposal, flexibility in guidelines regarding prolonged use and reuse of equipment, and restrictions on the export of healthcare products. The collapse of the global PPE supply chain has exposed frontline healthcare workers, especially in low- and middle-income countries, due to inadequate healthcare infrastructure and socioeconomic disparities. The lack of effective action to maintain and equitably distribute existing PPE stocks further exacerbated their shortage, compromising the effective response to the pandemic. To strengthen the resilience of healthcare systems, strategies need to be developed to ensure safety and equity in the global supply chain of healthcare products, with interconnected and redundant networks of suppliers. International collaboration and investments in multilateral mechanisms play a crucial role in building a more resilient Global Health Security.

Supply Chain Management Practices Influence Supply Chain Performance With Mediation Role of Innovation and Moderation Role of Top Management Support.

The study focuses on supply chain management practices, innovation, top management commitment, and supply chain performance at companies. The study's main objective is to investigate the association between supply chain management practices and supply chain performance and the intervening effect of innovation, the interaction effect of top management commitment. In this study, a simple random sampling technique and the sample size selected with G* power software (N = 208). The readymade questionnaire was used to collect data from National Logistic Corporation (NLC), Food and Beverage Companies Groups (FMCG) at China. The data analyzed through Smart-PLS (SEM → small and medium enterprises) and SPSS software. Meanwhile, innovational significant and positively mediated the relationship between supply chain management five practices and organizational performance. The findings of this study will help managers of SMEs enhance their performance. The results showed that SCMP directly and significantly affected supply chain performance, and customer relationship management was insignificant with supply chain performance. Supplier and customer relationship management both have a significant impact on innovation. In addition, innovation is considered a significant positive predictor for supply chain performance with the intervening approach. But top management commitment proved insignificant for customer relationship management and supply chain performance. The study further concluded that supply chain management practices would not be productive for supply chain performance if the top management does not apply innovative technologies in the organizations.

Recent trends in global insecticide use for disease vector control and potential implications for resistance management.

Insecticides have played a major role in the prevention, control, and elimination of vector-borne diseases, but insecticide resistance threatens the efficacy of available vector control tools. A global survey was conducted to investigate vector control insecticide use from 2010 to 2019. Out of 140 countries selected as sample for the study, 87 countries responded. Also, data on ex-factory deliveries of insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) were analyzed. Insecticide operational use was highest for control of malaria, followed by dengue, leishmaniasis and Chagas disease. Vector control relied on few insecticide classes with pyrethroids the most used overall. Results indicated that IRS programs have been slow to react to detection of pyrethroid resistance, while proactive resistance management using insecticides with unrelated modes of action was generally weak. The intensive use of recently introduced insecticide products raised concern about product stewardship regarding the preservation of insecticide susceptibility in vector populations. Resistance management was weakest for control of dengue, leishmaniasis or Chagas disease. Therefore, it will be vital that vector control programs coordinate on insecticide procurement, planning, implementation, resistance monitoring, and capacity building. Moreover, increased consideration should be given to alternative vector control tools that prevent the development of insecticide resistance.

Trends in Insulin Types and Devices Used by Adults With Type 2 Diabetes in the United States, 2016 to 2020.

Importance: Despite rising costs and public scrutiny devoted to insulin, less is known regarding recent trends in its ambulatory use in the United States. Objective: To characterize trends in ambulatory insulin use, overall and based on insulin characteristics, among adults with type 2 diabetes in the United States from January 1, 2016, through December 31, 2020. Design, Setting, and Participants: This serial cross-sectional study included patients whose data were collected in IQVIA's National Disease and Therapeutic Index (NDTI), a 2-stage, all-payer, nationally representative audit of outpatient care. Approximately 4800 physicians each calendar quarter completed a form for 2 consecutive days regarding visits for each of their patients, including diagnoses, treatments, and demographic information. Data were collected from January 2016 through December 2020. Exposures: Ambulatory use of insulin. Main Outcomes and Measures: Nationally representative projections for ambulatory use of insulin (ie, treatment visits), overall and aggregated by insulin molecule (insulins regular, neutral protamine Hagedorn [NPH], lispro, glulisine, glargine, detemir, degludec, and aspart), delivery devices (vials/syringes or pens), therapeutic class (short-acting, rapid-acting, long-acting, intermediate-acting, and premixed insulin), insulin type (human, analog, and biosimilar), and date of approval (newer: before 2010; and older: after 2010). Results: There were 27 860 691 insulin treatment visits between 2016 and 2020. Among all patient encounters that indicated use of insulin in 2020, 1 989 154 (43.9%) were among those aged 60 to 74 years; 2 372 629 (52.4%) among men; 2 646 247 (58.4%) among White patients; 811 639 (17.9%) among Black patients; and 701 912 (15.5%) among Hispanic patients. Insulin glargine was the most frequently used insulin from 2016 to 2020, accounting for approximately half of treatment visits (eg, 2020: 2.6 of 4.9 million visits; 95% CI, 2.1-3.1 million). Among insulin classes, long-acting insulin accounted for approximately two-thirds of treatment visits during this period (eg, 2020: 3.7 million visits; 95% CI, 3.0-4.4 million). Treatment visits for insulin pens increased from 36.1% in 2016 (2.2 of 6.0 million visits; 95% CI, 1.7-2.7 million) to 58.7% in 2020 (2.9 million visits; 95% CI, 2.3-3.5 million), while use of insulin vials/syringes declined in parallel. Analog insulin use predominated and accounted for more than 80% of total treatment visits across all years (eg, 2020: 4.3 million visits; 95% CI, 3.4-5.1 million). Newer insulins were increasingly used, from 18.1% of total treatment visits in 2016 (1.1 million visits; 95% CI, 0.8-1.4 million) to 40.9% in 2020 (2.0 million visits; 95% CI, 1.5-2.5 million). The use of biosimilar insulin, which was first approved in 2015, increased from 2.6% in 2017 (0.1 of 5.3 million visits; 95% CI, 0.04-0.2 million) to 8.2% in 2020 (0.4 million visits; 95% CI, 0.2-0.6 million) of total insulin treatment visits. The total number of insulin treatment visits declined from a peak of 6.0 million visits in 2016 to a nadir of 4.9 million visits in 2020 (approximately 18% decline). Conclusions and Relevance: In this study, ambulatory insulin use in the United States during the past 5 years remained dominated by the use of insulin analogs and insulin pen delivery devices, with increasing uptake of newer products as they have been brought to market.

Usabilidade de bombas de infusão e segurança do paciente na terapia intensiva: revisão integrativa / Usability of infusion pumps and patiente safety in intensive care

Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa cujo objetivo é: Identificar nas produções científicas como o manejo das Bombas de Infusão pela equipe de enfermagem impacta na segurança do paciente nas Unidades de Terapia Intensiva. O levantamento foi realizado nas bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde: Medline, Lilacs e Bdenf; e Web of Science Core Collection. Foram selecionados 20 artigos de 2014 a 2019, onde 76% tratavam da usabilidade de tecnologias, alguns abordando as dificuldades ou barreiras encontradas na manipulação durante a incorporação de novas bombas, e os demais, de dispositivos já incorporados. Constatou-se que a equipe de enfermagem é a profissão de destaque no que concerne à segurança do paciente nos mais variados cuidados. Foi possível observar que a usabilidade adequada das bombas durante a programação de infusões assegura uma assistência de qualidade. (AU)

Objective: Identify scientific productions such as the management of Infusion Pumps by the nursing team with an impact on patient safety in Intensive Care Units. Methods: This is an integrative review. Results: The survey was carried out in the Virtual Health Library databases: Medline, Lilacs and Bdenf; and Main Web of Science Collection. Twenty articles were selected from 2014 to 2019, where 76% tried to use the technologies, some addressing difficulties or barriers, using manipulation during the incorporation of new pumps, and the others, devices already incorporated. Conclusion: It should be noted that the nursing team is a prominent profession that does not concern patient safety in the most varied care. It was possible to observe the proper use of the pumps during the programming of infusions guaranteed quality assistance. (AU)

Objetivo: Identificar producciones científicas como el manejo de bombas de infusión por parte del equipo de enfermería con un impacto en la seguridad del paciente en las unidades de cuidados intensivos. Métodos: Esta es una revisión integradora. Resultados: La encuesta se realizó en las bases de datos de la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud: Medline, Lilacs y Bdenf; y la colección principal de Web of Science. Se seleccionaron veinte artículos de 2014 a 2019, donde el 76% trató de usar las tecnologías, algunos abordaron dificultades o barreras, usaron la manipulación durante la incorporación de nuevas bombas y los otros, dispositivos ya incorporados. Conclusión: Cabe señalar que el equipo de enfermería es una profesión prominente que no se refiere a la seguridad del paciente en la atención más variada. Fue posible observar el uso adecuado de las bombas durante la programación de infusiones garantizada asistencia de calidad. (AU)

Estimating equivalence scales and non-food needs in Egypt: Parametric and semiparametric regression modeling.

This paper investigated the appropriate specifications of Engel curves for non-food expenditure categories and estimated the deprivation indices of non-food needs in rural areas using a semi parametric examination of the presence of saturation points. The study used the extended partial linear model (EPLM) and adopted two estimation methods-the double residual estimator and differencing estimator-to obtain flexible shapes across different expenditure categories and estimate equivalence scales. We drew on data of the Egyptian Household Income, Expenditure, and Consumption Survey (HIEC). Our paper provides empirical evidence that the rankings of most non-food expenditure categories is of rank three at most. Rural households showed high economies of scale in non-food consumption, with child's needs accounting for only 10% of adult's non-food needs. Based on semi-parametrically estimated consumption behavior, the tendency of non-food expenditure categories to saturate did not emerge. While based on parametrically estimated consumption behavior, rural areas exhibited higher deprivation indices in terms of health and education expenditure categories, which indicates the need to design specific programs economically targeting such vulnerable households.

Geopolitical zones differentials in intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp) and long lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN) utilization in Nigeria.

BACKGROUND: The coverage of long lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN) and intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy (IPTp) uptake for the prevention of malaria commonly vary by geography. Many sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries, including Nigeria are adopting the use of LLIN and IPTp to fight malaria. Albeit, the coverage of these interventions to prevent malaria across geographical divisions have been understudied in many countries. In this study, we aimed to explore the differentials in LLIN and IPTp uptake across Nigerian geopolitical zones. METHODS: We analyzed data from Nigeria Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) 2016-17. The outcome variables were IPTp and LLIN uptake among women of childbearing age (15-49 years). A total sample of 24,344 women who had given birth were examined for IPTp use and 36,176 women for LLIN use. Percentages, Chi-square test and multivariable logit models plots were used to examine the geopolitical zones differentials in IPTp and LLIN utilization. Data was analyzed at 5% level of significance. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of IPTp was 76.0% in Nigeria. Moreover, there were differences across geopolitical zones: North Central (71.3%), North East (76.9%), North West (78.2%), South East (76.1%), South South (79.7%) and South West (72.4%) respectively. Furthermore, the prevalence of LLIN was 87.7%% in Nigeria. Also, there were differences across geopolitical zones: North Central (89.1%), North East (91.8%), North West (90.0%), South East (77.3%), South South (81.1%) and South West (69.8%) respectively. Women who have access to media use, married, educated and non-poor were more likely to uptake IPTp. On the other hand, rural dwellers and those with media use were more likely to use LLIN. Conversely, married, educated, non-poor and women aged 25-34 and 35+ were less likely to use LLIN. CONCLUSION: Though the utilization of IPTp and LLIN was relatively high, full coverage are yet to be achieved. There was geopolitical zones differentials in the prevalence of IPTp and LLIN in Nigeria. Promoting the utilization of IPTp and LLINs across the six geopolitical zones through intensive health education and widespread mass media campaigns will help to achieve the full scale IPTp and LLIN utilization.

The SmartSleep Experiment: Evaluation of changes in night-time smartphone behavior following a mass media citizen science campaign.

The increasing 24-hour smartphone use is of public health concern. This study aims to evaluate whether a massive public focus on sleep and smartphone use generated through a large-scale citizen science project, the SmartSleep Experiment, influence participants' night-time smartphone behavior. A total of 8,894 Danish adults aged 16 and above participated in the SmartSleep Experiment, a web-based survey on smartphones and sleep behavior. The survey was carried out for one week in 2018, combined with an extensive national mass media campaign focusing on smartphone behaviors and sleep. A follow-up survey aimed at evaluating whether survey-participants had changed their night-time smartphone behavior was carried out two weeks after the campaign. A total of 15% of the participants who used their smartphone during sleep hours at baseline had changed their night-time smartphone behavior, and 83% of those indicated that they used their smartphone less at follow-up. The participants who had changed their smartphone behavior had primarily taken active precautions to avoid night-time smartphone use, e.g., activating silent mode (36%) or reduced their smartphone use before (50%) and during sleep hours (52%). The reduction in sleep problems (54%), recognition of poor smartphone behavior (48%), and the increased focus on night-time smartphone use (42%) were motivational factors for these behavior changes. Using citizen science and mass media appeared to be associated with changes in night-time smartphone behavior. Public health projects may benefit from combining citizen science with other interventional approaches.

Ferramenta de Previsão de Suprimentos Essenciais para Covid-19 da Organização Mundial da Saúde (Covid-19 ESFT): Visão geral da estrutura, metodologia e premissas empregadas. Orientação provisória. 7 de abril de 2021 / World Health Organization COVID-19 essential supplies forecasting tool (‎COVID-19 ESFT)‎: an overview of the structure, methodology, and assumptions used: interim guidance, 7 April 2021

Este documento fornece detalhes técnicos e explicações metodológicas sobre a estrutura da Ferramenta de Previsão de Suprimentos Essenciais para Covid-19 (ESFT). Seu intuito é fornecer informações que permitam aos usuários: a) acompanhar e compreender os cálculos, premissas e limitações do ESFT; e b) modificar essas premissas para diferentes contextos ou casos de uso.

[Trends in the use of midurethral slings after the new legislation: A nationwide survey]. / Évolution des pratiques après l'arrêté encadrant les bandelettes sous-urétrales : résultats d'une enquête nationale.

INTRODUCTION: The French Department of Health published on October 23, 2020 a decree governing acts associated with mid-urethral sling (MUS) operations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in practice following this new legislation. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out among French urologists and gynecologists using an online survey to collect changes in practices since the publication of the decree. RESULTS: From January to February 2021, 436 surgeons participated in the survey. Among these surgeons, 87% were aware of the new legislation and 56% of them considered the decree as useless. The order resulted in an increase in working time in 81% of cases. Among these surgeons, 66% of the surgeons worked in tertiary referral centers for the management of incontinence, of which 55% had a multidisciplinary meeting in urogynecology. Among the surgeons, 31% considered this meeting to be useful but 80% considered that it did not lead to any change in surgical indications, even though 33% of complications of BSU were discussed there. In conclusion, 61% of surgeons felt more reluctant to schedule a BSU placement with this new legislation. CONCLUSION: The majority of questioned surgeons considered the decree as useless. It generated few changes in practices which already respected the law on information, consultation, consent, experience and training. Most urologists and gynecologists are more reluctant to offer MUS after this new legislation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4.

Equipment utilization in chronic total occlusion percutaneous coronary interventions: Insights from the PROGRESS-CTO registry.

BACKGROUND: We examined guidewire and microcatheter utilization during chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). METHODS: We examined device utilization in 2,968 CTO PCIs performed in 2,936 patients at 19 US and two international center between January 2016 and January 2019. RESULTS: The median number of antegrade guidewires used per case declined (5 in 2016 vs 3 in 2019) and was higher in higher complexity lesions (2 in J-CTO 0 vs. 8 in J-CTO 4 or 5 score). In antegrade-only procedures, the most frequently used guidewires were the Pilot 200 (Abbott Vascular, 37%), Fielder XT (Asahi Intecc, 25%) and Gaia third (Asahi Intecc, 18%), while the most commonly used microcatheters were the Turnpike Spiral (Vascular Solutions, 18%) and Turnpike (Vascular Solutions, 16%). Compared with 2012-2015, during 2016-2019 use of novel equipment such as the Gaia guidewires and the Turnpike microcatheters led to decreased use of Confianza Pro 12 (Asahi Intecc) wire and Corsair (Asahi Intecc) family of microcatheters. In retrograde cases, the guidewires most commonly used were the Sion (44%), Pilot 200 (27%) and Fielder FC (26%), while the Corsair/Corsair Pro, Turnpike LP (Vascular Solutions) and Caravel (Asahi Intecc) were the most frequently used microcatheters for collateral crossing (29%, 26% and 22%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The most commonly used guidewires during CTO PCI are polymer-jacketed guidewires and the most commonly used microcatheters are torquable microcatheters.

Practical considerations for spirometry during the COVID-19 outbreak: Literature review and insights.

BACKGROUND: As the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is spreading worldwide, countries are dealing with different phases of the pandemic. Lately, scientific evidence has been growing about the measures for reopening respiratory outpatient services during the COVID-19 pandemic. We aim to summarize the key differences and similarities among recommendations by different national and international organizations. METHODS: We searched on Google and Pubmed for recently published National and International Recommendations/Guidelines/Position Papers from professional organizations and societies, offering a guidance to physicians on how to safely perform pulmonary function testing during COVID-19 pandemic. We also searched for spirometry manufacturers' operational indications. RESULTS: Indications on spirometry were released by the Chinese Task force, the American Thoracic Society, the European Respiratory Society, the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand, the Société de Pneumologie de Langue Française, the Spanish Societies (Sociedad Espanola de Neumologia y Cirugia Toracica, Sociedad Espanola de Alergologia e Inmunologia Clinica, Asociacion de Especialistas en Enfermeria del trabajo, Asociacion de Enfermeria Comunitaria), the Sociedade Portuguesa de Pneumologia, the British Thoracic Society/Association for Respiratory Technology & Physiology, the Irish Thoracic Society, the Sociedad Uruguaya de Neumologia, the Italian Thoracic Society and the Italian Respiratory Society, Cleveland Clinic and Nebraska Medical Center. Detailed technical recommendations were found on manufacturers' websites. We found several similarities across available guidelines for safely resuming pulmonary function services, as well as differences in criteria for selecting eligible patients for which spirometry is deemed essential and advice which was not homogenous on room ventilation precautions. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows a synthesis of national/international guidelines allowing practicing physicians to adapt and shape the way to organize their outpatient services locally. There is generally good agreement on the importance of limiting pulmonary function testing to selected cases only. However, significant differences concerning the subsets of candidate patients, as well as on the management of adequate room ventilation, were observed.

Use of personal protective equipment to care for patients with COVID-19: scoping review / Uso de equipo de protección personal para el cuidado de pacientes con COVID-19: revisión del alcance / Utilização de equipamentos de proteção individual para atendimento de pacientes com covid-19: revisão de escopo

ABSTRACT Objective To summarize the knowledge about recommendations for the use of personal protective equipment necessary for the provision of care by health professionals to patients suspected or infected by the new coronavirus. Method Scoping review with search for primary studies, reviews and preprints articles in English, Portuguese and Spanish, in the last 20 years on the bases WOS/ISI, SCOPUS, MEDLINE/PuBMed, CINAHL, LILACS and SciELO. Unpublished studies in journals were surveyed on bioRxiv and SciELO preprints. Results 23 studies were eligible. Experiences with coronavirus prior to SARS-CoV-2 revealed that the equipment was an essential barrier in preventing transmission and followed the recommendations for standard precautions, contact, droplet and aerosol. In 13 (57%) studies, this equipment complied international recommendations and in 10 (45%) local recommendations. Conclusion The personal protective equipment used does not follow global standardization according to type, quality and adequate provision, exposing these professionals to the risk of contamination.

RESUMEN Objetivo Resumir el conocimiento sobre las recomendaciones para el uso de equipos de protección personal necesarios para la prestación de cuidados por parte de los profesionales de salud a pacientes sospechosos o infectados por el nuevo coronavírus. Método Revisión de alcance con búsqueda de estudios primarios, revisiones y preprints en inglés, portugués y español, en los últimos 20 años en bases WOS/ISI, SCOPUS, MEDLINE/PuBMed, CINAHL, LILACS y SciELO. Estudios no publicados en revistas se encontraron en Preprints bioRxiv y SciELO preprints. Resultados 23 estudios fueron elegibles. Experiencias con coronavirus antes del SARS-CoV-2 revelaron que el equipo era una barrera esencial para prevenir la transmisión y siguieron las recomendaciones de precauciones estándar, contacto, gotas y aerosoles. En 13 (57%) estudios este equipo cumplió con las recomendaciones internacionales y en 10 (45%) recomendaciones locales. Conclusión El equipo de protección personal utilizado no sigue la estandarización global según tipo, calidad y provisión adecuada, exponiendo a estos profesionales al riesgo de contaminación.

RESUMO Objetivo Sumarizar o conhecimento sobre recomendações do uso de equipamentos de proteção individual necessários para a prestação do cuidado por profissionais de saúde à pacientes suspeitos ou infectados pelo novo coronavírus. Método Scoping review com busca de estudos primários, revisões e artigos preprints em inglês, português e espanhol, nos últimos 20 anos nas bases WOS/ISI, SCOPUS, MEDLINE/PuBMed, CINAHL, LILACS e SciELO. Estudos não publicados em periódicos foram levantados nos Preprints bioRxiv e SciELO preprints. Resultados 23 estudos foram elegíveis. Experiências com coronavírus anteriores ao SARS-CoV-2 revelaram que os equipamentos foram barreiras imprescindíveis na prevenção da transmissão e seguiram recomendações de precauções padrão, contato, gotícula e aerossol. Em 13 (57%) estudos esses equipamentos atenderam às recomendações internacionais e em 10 (45%) recomendações locais. Conclusão Os equipamentos de proteção individual utilizados não seguem padronização global segundo tipo, qualidade e provisão adequada, expondo esses profissionais ao risco de contaminação.

Awareness and utilization of personal protective equipment among small-scale welders in Cross River State, Nigeria: a descriptive cross-sectional study

Objective:Rapid urbanization and industrialization in the many low-and middle-income countries means that there is a growing demand for the welding industry. Previous studies in Nigeria, and other low-and middle-income countries have reported a significant discrepancy between awareness and consistent and appropriate use of personal protective equipment (PPE). This study assessed the awareness and utilization of PPE among small-scale welders in Calabar South, Cross River State, Nigeria. Methods:This study was conducted in Calabar South Local Government Area using a descriptive cross-sectional design. Data collection was with an interviewer-administered semi-structured questionnaire, and an observation checklist was used to monitor the use of PPE among small-scale welders. Results:One hundred and sixteen small-scale welders were surveyed with a mean age of 34.9 ±9.1 years. Almost 90% of respondents had completed at least primary education. Eighty-one respondents (69.8%) were aware of PPE. Three-quarters of respondents (61/81) knewPPE protected the user from injury. The most frequently identified type of welding PPE among the respondents aware of PPE, were safety goggles (38.3%), hand gloves (25.9%), safety boots (19.8%), and coveralls (9.9%). 83.6% had access to PPE at work. However, only 14.4% reported using PPE consistently. Observation revealed that the PPE most frequently used, sunglasses, were not the recommended welding goggles.Conclusion:The low utilization of PPE calls for stricter enforcement of occupational health and safety regulations among welders in the informal sector, including implementing PPE awareness programs.

Equipamentos biomédicos para atendimento a casos de COVID-19. Ferramenta de inventário para prontidão de instituições de saúde e realocação de equipamentos

O oxigênio é um medicamento essencial para a COVID-19 e, portanto, é muito importante avaliar a disponibilidade de diferentes fontes de oxigênio, bem como dos sistemas de fornecimento e administração ao paciente, para que estes possam ser priorizados, realocados e comparados aos números calculados para a definição de necessidades. Em 4 de abril de 2020, os problemas na cadeia global de abastecimento ainda eram muito relevantes, em decorrência da pandemia de COVID-19. Recomenda-se enfaticamente que os Ministérios da Saúde maximizem o aproveitamento dos insumos e recursos existentes, para permitir uma resposta imediata. Esta é a primeira edição das orientações sobre como conduzir uma avaliação rápida de inventário para determinar a prontidão de uma instituição de saúde, bem como a capacidade de realocação de equipamentos biomédicos para atendimento a casos de COVID-19. Esta ferramenta inclui um questionário (impresso ou digital), juntamente com uma série de cartazes de produtos/dispositivos. Esta ferramenta deve ser usada de acordo com o pacote de materiais sobre doenças (em inglês, disease commodities package, ou DCP) sobre a COVID-19 , a Lista de Prioridades da OMS referente a dispositivos médicos para a COVID-19, e as Especificações Técnicas para sistemas de fornecimento de oxigênio, dispositivos de reanimação e concentradores de oxigênio. Esta ferramenta destina-se a administradores de instituições de saúde, decisores clínicos, gerentes de compras, gerentes de planejamento, engenheiros biomédicos ou engenheiros de infraestrutura para auxiliar na identificação de equipamentos biomédicos prontamente disponíveis para uso imediato e/ou realocação.